Advanced PV System Design

Covers the design principles for hybrid and grid-tied photovoltaic systems, including relevant calculations.

What students will learn

By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:
Define hybrid and grid-tied photovoltaic systems in the context of Nigerian power infrastructure.
State the key differences between standalone, grid-tied, and hybrid solar system architectures.
Identify the major components unique to advanced PV setups, such as grid-tie inverters and automatic transfer switches.
Perform load profiling and sizing calculations for a small commercial hybrid system.

What is the primary distinguishing component of a hybrid PV system compared to a standard grid-tied system?
- A. A heavy-duty diesel generator
- B. A battery energy storage system with a hybrid inverter
- C. A maximum power point tracking charge controller
- D. A net metering digital utility meter
In a grid-tied PV system design, what happens to excess electricity generated by the solar panels when the home load is fully met?
- A. It is stored in deep-cycle lead-acid batteries
- B. It is dissipated through a heat sink resistor bank
- C. It is exported back to the utility grid through net metering
- D. It is automatically grounded to prevent surges

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